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Cyclone Thane
Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Thane (IMD designation: ''BOB 05'', JTWC designation: 06B, also known as Cyclone Thane) was the strongest tropical cyclone of 2011 within the North Indian Ocean. Thane initially developed as a tropical disturbance within the monsoon trough to the west of Indonesia. Over the next couple of days the disturbance gradually developed further while moving towards the northwest, and was declared a Depression during December 25, before being declared Cyclonic Storm Thane during the next day. As it was named, Thane started to turn towards the west under the influence of a subtropical ridge of high pressure before its development slowed down during December 27, as a strong outflow and marginally favourable sea surface temperatures fought with persistent vertical wind shear. After its development had slowed down during December 27, Thane became a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm during December 28, before as it approached the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, it weakened slightly. Thane then made landfall early on December 30, on the north Tamil Nadu coast between Cuddalore and Puducherry and rapidly weakened into a depression.
==Meteorological history==
On December 23, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that a tropical disturbance had developed within the monsoon trough about 1540 km (960 mi) to the east of Medan in Indonesia. Convection surrounding the system had started to consolidate over a weak low level circulation centre, that was being fed by an enhanced westerly flow associated with the precursor system to Tropical Cyclone Benilde.〔〔 Over the next couple of days the disturbance gradually developed further while moving towards the northwest, with a Madden–Julian oscillation increasing the system boundary layers rotation.〔 The JTWC then issued a tropical cyclone formation alert on the system during December 25 before designating as Tropical Cyclone 06B later that day as 1-minute wind speeds near the centre reached 65 km/h (40 mph) which is equivalent to a tropical storm. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) also reported during December 25 that the disturbance had organised sufficiently to be declared Depression BOB 05, while it was located about to the southeast of Chennai, India.
Early on December 26, the IMD reported that the depression had intensified into a Deep Depression, before later that day reporting that it had intensified into a cyclonic storm and named it Thane. As it was named, Thane started to turn towards the west under the influence of a subtropical ridge of high pressure before its development slowed as strong outflow and marginally favourable sea surface temperatures fought with persistent easterly vertical wind shear. Early on December 28, the JTWC reported that Thane had become equivalent to a category one hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale with 1-minute sustained windspeeds of 120 km/h (75 mph), while an eye feature had become visible on microwave imagery. Later that day the IMD reported that Thane had become the first Very Severe Cyclonic Storm of the season, with 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 120 km/h (75 mph). During December 28, Thane continued to intensify, and developed a small pinhole eye of about 20 km (10 mi), before the JTWC reported that Thane had peaked early on December 29 with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 165 km/h (105 mph). The IMD then followed suit and reported that the system had peaked as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm with 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 140 km/h (85 mph). During the rest of that day, the system continued to move westwards and weakened slightly as it started to interact with land. Thane then made landfall as a borderline very severe cyclonic storm during December 30 on the north Tamil Nadu coast between Cuddalore and Puducherry. After it had made landfall, frictional forces made Thane rapidly weaken into a depression. As a result, the JTWC issued their final advisory during December 30, while the IMD continued to monitor the remnants of Thane until the depression weakened into a well-marked low-pressure area early on December 31.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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